Otter Theorem Prover

Theorum Provers

The links in the chain for machines to understand Humans includes the ability for computations similar to Human reasoning - also known as automated reasoning.

OTTER An Automated Deduction System - at Argonne National Laboratory

Other Theorum Provers - http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/AR/others.html

PENG: "processable English" - http://www.ics.mq.edu.au/~rolfs/peng/example-proof.html

Mustard Laws

More AI and Reasoning links from Selmer Bringsjord at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute - http://www.rpi.edu/~brings/

Mathematical Knowledge Management Network - http://monet.nag.co.uk/mkm//index.html

Logic Puzzles

(1) The Dreadsbury Mansion Mystery - Selmer Bringsjord - Someone who lives in Dreadsbury Mansion killed Aunt Agatha. Agatha, the butler, and Charles live in Dreadsbury Mansion, and are the only people who live therein. A killer always hates his victim, and is never richer than his victim. Charles hates no one that Aunt Agatha hates. Agatha hates everyone except the butler. The butler hates everyone not richer than Aunt Agatha. The butler hates everyone Agatha hates. No one hates everyone. Agatha is not the butler. Now, given the above clues, there is a bit of a disagreement between three Norwegian detectives: Inspector Bjorn is sure that Charles didn't do it. Is he right? Inspector Reidar is sure that it was a suicide. Is he right? Inspector Olaf is sure that the butler, despite conventional wisdom, is innocent. Is he right?

[2] Steamroller - ?? - Wolves, foxes, birds, caterpillars, and snails are animals, and there are some of each. Also there are some grains, and grains are plants. Every animal either likes to eat all plants or all animals much smaller than itself that like to eat some plants. Caterpillars and snails are much smaller than birds, which are much smaller than foxes, which in turn are much smaller than wolves. Wolves do not like to eat foxes or grains, while birds like to eat caterpillars but not snails. Caterpillars and snails like to eat some plants. Is it the case that, therefore there is an animal that likes to eat a grain-eating animal?

[3] Who Owns The Fish? - ?? - There are five houses in a row and in five different colours. In each house lives a person from a different country. Each person drinks a certain drink, smokes a certain cigar and keeps a certain pet. No two people drink the same drink, smoke the same cigar or keep the same pet. The Brit lives in a red house. The Swede keeps dogs. The Dane drinks tea. The green house is on the left of the white house. The green house owner drinks coffee. The person who smokes Pall Mall rears birds. The owner of the yellow house smokes Dunhill. The man living in the house right in the centre drinks milk. The Norwegian lives in the first house. The man who smokes Blends lives next to the man who keeps cats. The man who keeps horses lives next to the one who smokes Dunhill. The man who smokes Bluemaster drinks beer. The German smokes Prince. The Norwegian lives next to the blue house. The man who smokes Blend has a neighbour who drinks water. Who Owns The Fish?